Stone

Stone

** What are stones? **

Is a naturally occurring solid, made of minerals.

** How many kinds of stone do you know? **

1.- Metamorphic. 2.- Igneous. 3.- Sedimentary.

** What characteristics do stones have? **

**Rocks have:**

1.- Hardness. 2.- Impermeability. 3.- Chemical elementsin its composition.

** Why are stones used in construction? **

Taking advantage of the hardness and physico-chemical properties that rocks have. these are used to create some architectural elements such as: Arches, slabs, ornamentation, streets, high strength concrete, coatings, paints, etc.

Writing No. 2

** Stone **

** Stones are the main material used in architecture when this material is available in the construction place. ** Stones have different advantages such as durability, adaptability to sculptural treatment and it is naturally used. But stones have many disadvantages like weakness in tension, expensive and unstable with load pushing at angles. Stonework can be divided into two ways, when working with roughly broken stones bounded in mortar which is called rubble **(the simplest and cheapest)**, and when working with regularly cut blocks which is ashlar-masonry **(strongest and most suitable)**, for example, entablatures. Bonding is another form to work with stones, **and the best form is that in which blocks are placed so that the vertical joints in one course are not about the joints in the course above and below.** media type="file" key="stones.wav" align="center"
 * To finish, stones can be used into different ways, to provide monolithic supports and beams, and in some styles stone slabs are employed even for roofing. Although it has generally been replaced as a structural material by cheaper and more efficient manufactured products, it is still widely used as a surface veneer for its practical and expressive qualities. **